Overdose Prevention

Lady wearing a purple shirt that reads #end overdose

What is a drug-related overdose?
Risk factors for opioid overdose
Signs of an opioid overdose
How to respond to a drug overdose
Tips for reducing drug overdose
Public Health harm reduction services and resources
Supporting documents
Harm reduction and overdose prevention web links
Public Health contact information

A drug overdose happens when a harmful amount of a drug, or a mix of drugs, affects the body. Many substances can cause an overdose, such as prescription drugs, illegal drugs, and alcohol. In the United States and California, drug overdoses are a major cause of injury-related deaths.

People who mix different types of drugs or mix drugs with alcohol.
Those who have had a prior non-fatal overdose
Individuals who use drugs alone.
Older adults.
People with a compromised immune system.
Loss of tolerance due to situations like:
- Hospitalization
- Incarceration
- Detoxification

Falling asleep or losing consciousness
Doesn’t respond to stimuli like shouting, a pinch, or a sternum rub
Slow, weak, or no breathing
Choking or gurgling sounds
Limp body
Cold or clammy skin
Discolored skin (especially on the lips and nails)
Small, constricted “pinpoint pupils"

It may be hard to tell if someone is experiencing an overdose. If you are not sure, treat it like an overdose—you could save a life.

Call 911
If you have it, give naloxone (Narcan). Follow the link to learn more about naloxone.
Keep the person awake and breathing.
Lay the person on their side to prevent choking.

Stay with the person until 911 responders arrive.

Carry Narcan (naloxone)

Narcan is a life-saving drug that can reverse an opioid overdose. It is safe and easy to use, working almost right away. You can now buy Narcan at pharmacies, convenience stores, grocery stores, gas stations, and online. Follow the link to learn more about The Facts About Narcan.

Know what’s in your drugs

Use test strips to look for the presence of fentanyl and xylazine in drugs. Follow the link to learn more about drug testing strips.

Never use drugs alone

Don't use drugs alone. Let those around you know when you have taken drugs. This way, they can give you naloxone or call for help if needed.

Have regular conversations

Talk to teens, young people, and loved ones about fentanyl risks. Discuss the dangers of drug use and mixing drugs. Also, explain how to respond to an overdose. Regular and open conversations about drug use and how to reduce the risk of overdose can help lower the stigma of getting help and treatment.

Ask for help

Reach out for support when you’re ready. Recovery from substance use disorders is possible—it’s okay to ask for help. Follow the link to visit findtreatment.gov or call the National Helpline at 800-662-4357 to seek treatment and support.